DOI: 10.22620/sciworks.2018.02.014
Resume
In result of the conducted microbiological survey, fungi of Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. genera were isolated. The cultural and morphological characteristics of all isolates were studied by the colour description of the air and substrate mycelium, as well as by lactophenol cotton blue coloured microscope preparations. It was established that moisture in wheat grains, stored for eight months, has an impact on the contamination with potential toxin-producing fungi. Results showed that Enola was most frequently contaminated with Alternaria sp. – 66,7% in 2016, at a moisture of 12,0%. In 2015 data were similar at a moisture of 11,2% and 12,6%, the mould distribution reached 66,7%.
In 2014, the harvest was registered with a high level of field moulds of Fusarium sp. generis (61,6%) at a moisture of 14,5%. In 2015 and 2016 the harvest was registered with mould distribution from 20,0% to 33,7%. Strains of Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. genera were isolated in the first month of storage with very low frequency. During the storage period, they expanded their distribution, while grain moisture decreased. In the last month of the analysis, wheat was most distributed with Aspergillus sp. generis at substratum moisture of about 10,0%. The three-year results have shown that fungi of storage reach distribution of 22,3% in the eighth month. In 2014 and 2015 Penicillium sp. have a presence of about 19,3%.